Ubumenyi bwa sisitemu yo mu kirere ifunitse

Sisitemu yo mu kirere ifunitse, mu buryo bugufi, igizwe n'ibikoresho bikomoka ku kirere, ibikoresho byoza ikirere hamwe n'imiyoboro ifitanye isano.Mu buryo bwagutse, ibice bifasha pneumatike, pneumatic actuators, pneumatic control, ibice bya vacuum, nibindi byose biri mubyiciro bya sisitemu yo mu kirere.Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho bya sitasiyo yo guhumeka ikirere ni uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere mu buryo bworoshye.Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana imbonerahamwe isanzwe ya sisitemu yo mu kirere:

Ibikoresho bikomoka ku kirere (compressor de air) byonsa mu kirere, bigabanya umwuka uri mu kirere karemano mu kirere cyugarijwe n'umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi bigakuraho ubuhehere, amavuta n'ibindi byanduye mu kirere cyafunzwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo kweza.

Umwuka muri kamere ugizwe nuruvange rwa gaze zitandukanye (O₂, N₂, CO₂… nibindi.), Kandi imyuka y'amazi nimwe murimwe.Umwuka urimo imyuka runaka y'amazi witwa umwuka wuzuye, naho umwuka utarimo imyuka y'amazi witwa umwuka wumye.Umwuka udukikije ni umwuka wuzuye, bityo uburyo bukora bwa compressor de air ni bisanzwe bisanzwe.
Nubwo umwuka wumwuka wumwuka wumuyaga mwinshi ari muto, ibiyirimo bigira uruhare runini kumiterere yumuyaga mwinshi.Muri sisitemu isukuye yo guhumeka ikirere, kumisha umwuka wafunzwe nikimwe mubintu byingenzi.

Mubihe bimwe nubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe, ibirimo imyuka yamazi mumuyaga mwinshi (ni ukuvuga ubwinshi bwamazi yumuyaga) ni bike.Ku bushyuhe runaka, iyo ingano y'amazi arimo amazi ageze kubintu byinshi bishoboka, umwuka wuzuye muri iki gihe witwa umwuka wuzuye.Umwuka wuzuye utarimo ibintu byinshi bishoboka byumwuka wamazi witwa umwuka udahagije.

Kuri ubu iyo umwuka udahagije uhindutse umwuka wuzuye, ibitonyanga byamazi bizahurira mukirere cyuzuye, cyitwa "condensation".Guhuriza hamwe birasanzwe.Kurugero, ubuhehere bwikirere buri hejuru mugihe cyizuba, kandi biroroshye gukora ibitonyanga byamazi hejuru yumuyoboro wamazi.Mu gitondo cy'itumba, ibitonyanga by'amazi bizagaragara ku madirishya y'ibirahure by'abaturage.Ibi byose byakozwe no gukonjesha umwuka wumuyaga mukibazo gihoraho.Lu ibisubizo.

Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ubushyuhe umwuka wuzuye utuzuye ugera kubwuzuye byitwa ikime mugihe umuvuduko wigice cyumuyaga wamazi uhora uhoraho (nukuvuga ko amazi yuzuye adahoraho).Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse ku bushyuhe bwikime, hazabaho “condensation”.

Ikime cyumuyaga wumuyaga ntigifitanye isano nubushyuhe gusa, ahubwo kijyanye nubunini bwamazi yo mu kirere.Ikime ni kinini gifite amazi menshi, naho ikime kiri hasi hamwe n’amazi make.

Ubushyuhe bwikime bufite akamaro gakomeye mubwubatsi bwa compressor.Kurugero, mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka bwa compressor yumuyaga ari muke cyane, ivangwa rya peteroli na gaze bizagenda byiyongera kubera ubushyuhe buke muri barri ya peteroli, bizatuma amavuta yo kwisiga arimo amazi kandi bigira ingaruka kumavuta.kubwibyo.Ubushyuhe bwo gusohoka bwa compressor yo mu kirere bugomba kuba bwarateguwe butari munsi yubushyuhe bwikime munsi yumuvuduko ukabije.

Ikime cya Atmospheric ni ubushyuhe bwikime munsi yumuvuduko wikirere.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ikime cyumuvuduko cyerekana ubushyuhe bwikime cyumuyaga.

Isano ijyanye hagati yikime cyumuvuduko nigitutu gisanzwe cyikime gifitanye isano nikigereranyo cyo kwikuramo.Munsi yikime kimwe cyikime, nini igipimo cyo kwikuramo, niko munsi yikigereranyo gisanzwe cyikime.

Umwuka ucyeye usohoka muri compressor de air ni umwanda.Ibyuka bihumanya cyane ni: amazi (ibitonyanga byamazi yamazi, ibicu byamazi hamwe numwuka wamazi wamazi), amavuta asigaje amavuta (ibitonyanga byamavuta yumwuka hamwe numwuka wamavuta), umwanda ukomeye (ibyondo byangirika, ifu yicyuma, amande ya reberi, uduce duto hamwe nibikoresho byo kuyungurura, ifu nziza yibikoresho bifunga kashe, nibindi), imyanda yangiza yangiza nibindi byanduye.

Amavuta yo kwisiga yangirika azangirika reberi, plastike, hamwe nibikoresho bifunga, bitera imikorere mibi ya valve nibicuruzwa bihumanya.Ubukungugu n'umukungugu bizatera ibice byicyuma hamwe nu miyoboro kwangirika no kwangirika, bigatuma ibice byimuka bigumaho cyangwa bishaje, bigatuma ibice byumusonga bidakora neza cyangwa umwuka utemba.Ubushuhe hamwe n ivumbi bizanabuza umwobo cyangwa gushungura.Nyuma ya barafu itera umuyoboro guhagarara cyangwa gucika.

Bitewe nubuziranenge bwikirere, ubwizerwe nubuzima bwa serivisi ya sisitemu ya pneumatike iragabanuka cyane, kandi igihombo gikomokaho akenshi kirenze cyane ikiguzi nogutunganya ibikoresho byo kuvura ikirere, birakenewe rwose rero guhitamo neza uburyo bwo kuvura inkomoko yumwuka. Sisitemu.
Ni izihe nkomoko nyamukuru yubushuhe mu kirere gikonje?

Isoko nyamukuru yubushuhe mumyuka ifunitse ni imyuka y'amazi yonsa na compressor de air hamwe numwuka.Nyuma yuko umwuka wuzuye winjiye muri compressor de air, umwuka mwinshi wamazi winjizwa mumazi yamazi mugihe cyo guhonyora, bizagabanya cyane ubuhehere bugereranije bwumwuka uhumeka usohokera hanze ya compressor de air.

Kurugero, iyo umuvuduko wa sisitemu ari 0.7MPa hamwe nubushuhe bugereranije bwumwuka uhumeka ni 80%, nubwo umwuka woguhumeka uturuka kumasoko yumuyaga wuzuyemo igitutu, iyo uhinduwe mukibazo cyumuvuduko wikirere mbere yo kwikuramo, ubushuhe bwacyo ni 6 ~ 10% gusa.Nukuvuga ko ubuhehere bwumwuka uhumanye bwaragabanutse cyane.Nyamara, uko ubushyuhe bugenda bugabanuka gahoro gahoro gazi ya gazi nibikoresho bya gaze, amazi menshi y’amazi azakomeza kwiyongera mu kirere cyugarije.
Nigute kwanduza amavuta mwuka uhumanye biterwa?

Amavuta yo kwisiga ya compressor de air, imyuka ya peteroli hamwe nigitonyanga cyamavuta cyahagaritswe mukirere kidasanzwe hamwe namavuta yo gusiga ibice bigize pneumatike muri sisitemu nisoko nyamukuru yanduza peteroli mukirere gikonje.

Usibye guhumeka ikirere cya centrifugal na diaphragm, compressor zo mu kirere hafi ya zose zikoreshwa muri iki gihe (harimo na compressor zo mu kirere zidafite amavuta atandukanye) zizaba zifite amavuta yanduye cyangwa make (ibitonyanga bya peteroli, ibicu bya peteroli, imyuka ya peteroli hamwe na karuboni) mu muyoboro wa gaze.

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwicyumba cyo guhunika cya compressor de air bizatera hafi 5% ~ 6% byamavuta guhumeka, kumeneka no okiside, no kubitsa murukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro woguhumeka ikirere muburyo bwa firime ya karubone na langi, na agace k'urumuri kazahagarikwa muburyo bwa parike na micro Ubwoko bwibintu bizanwa muri sisitemu n'umwuka uhumanye.

Muri make, kuri sisitemu zidasaba ibikoresho byo gusiga mugihe cyo gukora, amavuta yose hamwe nibikoresho byo gusiga bivanze numwuka uhumanye wakoreshejwe birashobora gufatwa nkibikoresho byanduye amavuta.Kuri sisitemu zigomba kongeramo ibikoresho byo gusiga mugihe cyakazi, amarangi yose arwanya ingese hamwe namavuta ya compressor akubiye mumyuka yugarijwe bifatwa nkumwanda wanduye.

Nigute umwanda ukomeye winjira mu kirere gikonje?

Inkomoko nyamukuru yimyanda ihumeka ni:

AtmosphereIkirere gikikije kivanze n’imyanda itandukanye yubunini butandukanye.Nubwo icyambu cyoguhumeka ikirere gifite akayunguruzo ko mu kirere, ubusanzwe umwanda wa "aerosol" uri munsi ya 5 mkm urashobora kwinjira muri compressor de air hamwe numwuka uhumeka, ukavangwa namavuta namazi mumazi asohoka mugihe cyo kwikuramo.

HenIyo compressor de air ikora, guterana no kugongana hagati yibice bitandukanye, gusaza no kugwa kashe, hamwe na karuboni hamwe no gusohora amavuta yo kwisiga mubushyuhe bwinshi bizatera ibice bikomeye nkibice byicyuma, ivumbi rya rubber na karubone fission igomba kuzanwa mumuyoboro wa gaze.